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俄罗斯弗拉基米尔中央监狱编年史满230年

来源: 《透视俄罗斯》
Vladimir Central Prison is celebrating its 230th anniversary this year. Built in the 18th century as a transit prison for convicts on their way to Siberia, Vladimir Central Prison started specialising in political prisoners in the 20th Century, and now it holds particularly dangerous offenders.
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Arkadiy Kolybalov / Rossiyskaya Gazeta

弗拉基米尔中央监狱今年庆祝其230年的周年纪念。弗拉基米尔中央监狱作为一个犯人通向西伯利亚的中转监狱始建于18世纪,于20世纪开始专管政治犯,而现在它里面关押着极其危险的罪犯。
Such prisons appeared in Russia in the mid-16th century, before which criminals were killed on the spot, or, if they had committed only minor offences, beaten or fined.

ITAR-TASS

在俄罗斯,这样的监狱出现于16世纪中叶,在此之前,罪犯们会被当场击毙,或者如果他们只是轻微犯罪,就会挨打或者被罚款。
Then jails emerged. The authorities then decided rather than have criminals sit and do nothing, they ought to have them working. This is how penal colonies came to be.

Arkadiy Kolybalov / Rossiyskaya Gazeta

在此之后监狱出现了。当局者随后决定与其让罪犯们坐着无所事事,他们更应该去工作。这是服苦役群体的来源。
The prison which now holds particularly dangerous offenders in Vladimir (facility OD-1/T-2) was built for political prisoners in the 18th Century by order of Catherine II.

Arkadiy Kolybalov / Rossiyskaya Gazeta

这一座现在在弗拉基米尔(设施OD-1/T-2)关押极其危险的罪犯的监狱是在18世纪在叶卡捷琳娜二世的命令下为关押政治犯而建造的。
It has been known as the Vladimir Central Prison since 1906. In 1921, it was turned into a detention facility for political prisoners, and in 1929, into a special state security prison. In 1945, it became a destination for prisoners of war.

Arkadiy Kolybalov / Rossiyskaya Gazeta

自1906年开始这座监狱就被称作弗拉基米尔中央监狱。1921年,它变成了政治犯拘留所,并于1929年成为了特殊的国家安全监狱。1945年,它变成了战争罪犯的终点。
The pretrial detention centre currently holds about 200 people, while the prison itself holds 100 people, three of whom are serving life sentences. A cell holds between two and twelve people.

Mikhail Fomichev / RIA Novosti

这个审前拘留中心关押着大约200人,而监狱本身容纳100人,其中3人被判终身监禁。一个房间可关押2到12人不等。
The prison manufactures leather sports equipment, bringing in 15 million roubles (over $450,000) per year. Between 60–70% of the prisoners work, with wages varying from 6000 to 10,000 roubles (about $180–300) per month.

Mikhail Fomichev / RIA Novosti

这座监狱制造皮革的运动器材,每年能带来一千五百万卢布(超过45万美金)的收入。有大约60%到70%的犯人工作,他们的工资每月从6000到10000卢布(大约是180到300美金)不等。
The youngest prisoner is 18 years old, and the oldest is 70, while the average prison term is between five and ten years.

Arkadiy Kolybalov / Rossiyskaya Gazeta

最年轻的犯人只有18岁,最老的有70岁,而平均刑期为5到10年。
There has only been one documented escape (of 36 people in 1906), but the circumstances surrounding it are unknown.

Arkadiy Kolybalov / Rossiyskaya Gazeta

目前只有一次记录在案的越狱(发生在1906年36人当中),但它周围的情况是不为人知的。
Vladimirsky Central is considered as one of the most tough Russian prisons along with Cherniy delphin (Black Dolphin) in Orenburg Region and Beliy Lebed (White Swan) in Perm region.

ITAR-TASS

弗拉基米尔中央监狱与奥伦堡地区的黑海豚监狱、彼尔姆地区的白天鹅监狱共同被视为俄罗斯最牢固的监狱。
2013年8月8日
标签: 法律社会监狱

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