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潜入奥尔达洞穴 探索自然奥秘

来源： 《透视俄罗斯》
Renowned British speleologist Martin Farr, a visitor to Orda Cave, has this to say of the Perm spelunkers who have explored it: "These people are as extreme as their environment."
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Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

到访过奥尔达海底洞穴的英国著名洞穴探险家马丁·法尔（Martin Farr），曾称赞彼尔姆洞穴探险者就像奥尔达海底洞穴一样极致完美。
In February 2006, Perm founded the Underwater Speleology Federation, which unites scientists and speleologists in the study and protection of Orda and other underwater caves in the Perm region.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

2006年2月，由科学家和洞穴探险家组成的“水下洞穴探索联合会”在彼尔姆市成立，该联合会旨在研究和保护奥尔达海底洞穴及该地区其他水下洞穴。
The opening of Orda Cave to divers has stimulated underwater speleology throughout the Perm region.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

奥尔达海底洞穴的开放，掀起了整个彼尔姆地区的水下洞穴探险热潮。
So far, touch wood, the cave's labyrinth has not claimed any victims and all divers have returned home. This is perhaps proof of their high level of training.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

到目前为止，在这座水下迷宫中还没有出现任何伤亡事故，所有的潜水员都安全返回了地面，这也证明了他们较高的训练水平。
There are hundreds of ways to die in a cave; many divers do not resurface.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

洞穴探险潜在数百种致命危险，许多潜水员都丧生于水下。
Before gaining access to the watery wilderness, divers must first take a training course. Most accidents occur due to a lack of immersion training.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

在进入水下探险之前，潜水员必须先参加培训课程。大多数事故都是由于缺乏水下强化训练所造成的。
Because of the potential dangers and difficulties, cave-diving is quite an elite sport.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

由于洞穴潜水所潜在的危险和困难，这项运动还只是一项精英运动。
On entering such a world, you will inevitably be gripped by claustrophobia. Just think: there are no ambulances down here.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

在进入这样一个水下世界的时候，会不可避免地陷入幽闭恐惧症。哪怕是想到水下没有救护车，都会让人异常恐惧。
One of the world's best cave-divers, the U.S.A.'s Jill Heiner, praised the skill of the Ural divers: "The Russian divers I know are the very best in the world; they work in very harsh immersion conditions."

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

全世界最棒的洞穴潜水员，来自美国的吉尔·海纳（Jill Heiner），对乌拉尔潜水员的能力和技巧称赞有加：“我所知道的，在极其恶劣的条件下工作的俄罗斯潜水员是全世界最优秀的。”
Orda Cave is the longest underwater cave in Russia, the second longest underwater cave in Eurasia, and the world's longest underwater gypsum cave.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

奥尔达海底洞穴是俄罗斯最长、欧亚大陆第二长的水下洞穴，也是世界上最长的水下石膏晶体洞穴。
The credit for exploring the cave's underwater galleries belongs to Russian divers

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

对奥尔达海底洞穴的探索成果归功于俄罗斯潜水员。
Diving in the icy waters of the flooded section of Orda Cave poses a problem in itself. The temperature can be -20°C (-4°F).

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

奥尔达海底洞穴水温最低可达零下20°C (-4°F)，因此在洞穴中冰冷的水下潜水本身具有危险性。
Divers call Orda Cave the "white bride" because of the chalky color of the gypsum rock, which formed about 200 million years ago.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

由于奥尔达海底洞穴中布满了形成于2亿年前的白垩色石膏岩，潜水员们都戏称它为“白色新娘”。
The cave has not been fully explored, and you can always find a place where no one else has been.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

由于洞穴尚未被人们完全发掘，所以很多地方人迹罕至。
In what way does Orda differ from other underwater caves? It is a gypsum cave, the water temperature is low (+4°C), there are vast quantities of underground galleries, and the water is transparent with low turbidity.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

奥尔达海底洞穴与其他水下洞穴的不同之处在于，它是一个石膏晶体洞穴，水温较低（零上4°C），水质清澈，极少浊物，且洞穴中遍布许多地下长廊。
It acquired the official status of Russia's longest underwater in 1997 through the efforts of the first all-Russian underwater speleological expedition. Before then, only 1250 meters of the underwater section of the cave had been explored — that has now more than trebled to 4000 meters.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

在首次全俄水下洞穴探险家的共同探索努力下，1997年，奥尔达海底洞穴正式成为俄罗斯最长的水下洞穴。而在此之前，仅1250米深的水下洞穴被人们发掘，现今已知洞穴深度已达4000米。
Exploration of Orda Cave began back in 1992 by a group of enthusiastic cavers.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

1992年，一群狂热的洞穴探险爱好者首次踏上奥尔达海底洞穴探索之旅。
Orda Cave is located 100 km south-east of the city of Perm in the Russian Urals, on the south-west outskirts of the village of Orda.

Photo: Viktor Lyagushkin; Model: Bogdana Vashenko; Source: ordacave.ru

奥尔达海底洞穴位于俄罗斯乌拉尔地区彼尔姆市东南方向100公里处，奥尔达村西南部郊区。
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2012年12月7日
标签: 自然、 旅游景点、 俄中旅游、 乌拉尔

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