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苏联时代的莫斯科未完成的建筑 俄罗斯美女：维拉·勃列日涅娃

走过科斯特罗马的街头

来源： 《透视俄罗斯》
Kostroma (distance from Moscow to Kostroma is 336.8 km) is a historic city and the administrative center of Kostroma Oblast. A part of the “Golden Ring” route, it is located at the confluence of the Volga and Kostroma Rivers.
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Lori/Legion Media

科斯特罗马（莫斯科至科斯特罗马的距离为336公里）是一座历史悠久的城市，也是科斯特罗马州的首府。作为“金环”旅游线的一站，它坐落在伏尔加河和科斯特罗马河的交汇处。
The city was first mentioned in the chronicles for the year 1213, but historians believe it could have been founded more than half a century earlier. Like other towns of the Eastern Rus, Kostroma was sacked by the Mongols in 1238.

Lori/Legion Media

这座城市第一次出现是在1213年的编年史上，但历史学家认为建城时间可能还要早半个多世纪。与俄罗斯东部的其他城镇一样，科斯特罗马在1238年也被蒙古人攻陷了。
It is understandable why the Romanov Tsars regarded Kostroma as their special protectorate. The Ipatievsky monastery was visited by many of them, including Nicholas II, the last Russian Tsar. The monastery had been founded in the early 14th century by a Tatar prince, ancestor of the Godunov family.

Lori/Legion Media

罗曼诺夫王朝的沙皇将科斯特罗马划为他们的特殊保护地，其原因是很好理解的。许多位沙皇都曾到访过伊帕吉夫修道院，包括俄罗斯最后一位沙皇，尼古拉二世。这座修道是14世纪初的一位鞑靼王子，也就是戈东诺夫家族的祖先建造的。
The huge white-walled fortress of the Holy Trinity Ipatievsky Monastery stands on the banks of the River Kostroma; the reflection of its onion domes in the flowing river leaves a lasting impression. Each successive Tzar of the Romanov dynasty, after coronation, made it their duty to visit the Ipatievsky Monastery with elaborate and expensive gifts.

Lori/Legion Media

伊帕切夫斯基修道院的巨大的白墙要塞矗立在科斯特罗马河河岸上；洋葱圆顶在流动的河水上的倒影会给人留下深刻的印象。罗曼诺夫王朝的每位沙皇都要在加冕后到访伊帕切夫斯基修道院，并送上精美而昂贵的礼物。
Susaninskaya Square, also called “Frying Pan” is a giant square in the centre of Kostroma. At one side there are large arcades of the ancient markets and at the other side there are the firewatch-tower, the Guard House and the palace of General Borshov.

Lori/Legion Media

苏萨宁（ Susaninskaya ）广场也被称为“平底锅”，是科斯特罗马市中心的一个巨型广场。广场的一侧是大型的古代市场，另一侧是消防瞭望塔，警卫室和波肖夫（ Borshov ）将军的宫殿。
The historical centre of the city presents the architectural ensemble of the XVIII-XIX centuries. Tourists can see the ensemble of the square of Susanin that includes Guardhouse, free-observation, Office, and the house of S.Borschov, which now houses the city courthouse.

Lori/Legion Media

城市的历史中心体现出了18和19世纪的整体建筑风格。游客可以观赏苏萨宁广场包括警卫室、自由观察区，办公室，和现在作为市法院的波肖夫将军府邸的一系列建筑群。
The old shopping-arcades of Kostroma are dating back to 1796. The idea behind these giant markethalls, was that the tax-authorities could easily watch over the income of the merchants and also for the customers is was much easier to compare prices and find everything in almost the same area.

Lori/Legion Media

科斯特罗马的老购物商场始于1796年。这些巨型的市场大厅背后的想法，是税务机关可以很容易地看到商户的收入情况，也更方便顾客比较价格，看到同一区域的几乎所有商品。
The Church of Resurrection-on-Debre was built in the XVII century with the donations of the merchant Kyrill Isakov. He was a rich merchant, after making the largest initial donation began a fund-raising campaign in order to get funds for building a new church.

Lori/Legion Media

德勃雷复活教堂始建于17世纪，是用商人基利尔伊萨科夫的捐款建造的。他是一个富有的商人，在规模最大的首次捐赠后，他开始募捐活动，来筹集用于建造一座新教堂的资金。
Pergola of Alexander Ostrovsky. Kostroma is historically connected with the name of Ostrovsky – his family estate Schelykovo, which is now s a museum, is located there; it was here that he wrote his plays and worked on program writings about Russian theatre. In 1973 great Russian playwright Alexander Ostrovsky's 150th birthday anniversary was commemorated in Russia, and a showcase of the best Russian performances based on his plays was held in his home city, Kostroma.

Lori/Legion Media

亚历山大·奥斯特洛夫斯基的凉棚。 科斯特罗马的历史是和奥斯特洛夫斯基的名字紧密相连的：他家的斯切里克沃现在是一个博物馆，就在这座城市里，他也是在这里完成了他的戏剧，创作关于俄罗斯戏剧的著作的。1973年，俄罗斯纪念了伟大的俄罗斯剧作家亚历山大·奥斯特洛夫斯基诞辰150周年，还在他的家乡科斯特罗马展演了以他的剧作改编的俄罗斯最优秀的戏剧。
Kostroma Museum of Architecture and Ethnography, and Open-air Landscape Museum “Kostromaskaya Sloboda” is situated in the most beautiful place – at the junction of the rivers Kostroma and Volga, near the ancient Ipatiev Monastery. The museum possesses 28 monuments of wooden architecture – residential and utility constructions, samples of church architecture.

Lori/Legion Media

科斯特罗马建筑与民族博物馆和露天景观博物馆，“科斯特罗马的镇市”坐落在最美丽的地方 - 伊帕切夫斯基修道院附近科斯特罗马河与伏尔加河的交汇处。这座博物馆拥有28处木结构建筑古迹，包括住宅和公用建筑，以及教堂建筑的样本。
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2013年4月19日
标签: 俄中旅游、 俄罗斯城市、 旅游、 历史、 “金环”旅游线路、 东正教

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