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罗斯托夫美女塔季扬娜•科托娃 保利娜·马克西莫娃：演艺家庭里的第三代演员

消逝的城市印象：画家笔下的莫斯科旧时景

莫斯科是历史文化名城，其建筑、街景、风貌一直是艺术家的灵感源泉。苏里科夫、韦列夏金、马科夫斯基等著名画家都曾为莫斯科作画，并用不同的美学理念阐释莫斯科的气质。《透视俄罗斯》邀您一同欣赏莫斯科的旧时风景。
来源： 《透视俄罗斯》
Moscow has always been a source of inspiration for artists thanks to the beauty of its churches, its historic buildings, wide streets, and hidden courtyards. Artists captured all of this in their work, each in their own way, but always gladly and willingly. / Lubyanskaya Square in Winter, Konstantin Yuon, 1905
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Konstantin Yuon

莫斯科拥有美丽的教堂、历史悠久的建筑、宽敞的街道以及隐蔽的院落，这些一直是艺术家的灵感源泉。他们将所有这一切捕捉进自己的作品，满怀欣喜地用自己的独特眼光进行阐释。
Vasily Surikov paid a great deal of attention to the composition of his works when he created, thus earning himself the nickname "the Composer" in artistic circles. / Ivan the Great Bell Tower, Vasily Surikov, 1876

Vasily Surikov

瓦西里·苏里科夫会在作品构图上付出极大的精力，因而在艺术圈中赢得了“构图者”的美名。
Vasily Vereshchagin gained fame for being a painter of battle scenes. However, at the peak of his career, Vereshchagin wrote in his journal, "I will never paint another battle theme again...basta! I take what I paint too personally. My eyes weep the woe of every injured and killed soldier." After these words, the artist switched from battle scenes to landmarks in his art. / Moscow Kremlin in the winter, Vasily Vereshchagin

Vasily Vereshchagin

瓦西里·韦列夏金以描绘战争场面著称。然而，他在创作生涯的巅峰时期却在日记中写道，“我再也不画战场了……够了！我对自己的作品有着太多的个人感情。我的双眼因每个伤兵或烈士的不幸而悲哀”。从此，韦列夏金放弃战争题材，转为创作风景画。
The artist Konstantin Yuon found his true calling in landscape painting. His works clearly feature the influence of French impressionists and the originality of 19th-century Russian realism. / Palm Sunday Bazaar on Red Square, Konstantin Yuon, 1916

Konstantin Yuon

画家康斯坦丁·尤昂在风景画中找到自己的使命。他的作品深受法国印象主义的影响，并兼具19世纪俄罗斯现实主义绘画的独创性。
Ivan Albright was an American artist, painter, and drawer. He traveled around the world a great deal and was always fixated on minute details. He painted the walls of his studio in the United States black and always wore black-colored clothes in order to avoid any glares. He approached illustrating Moscow in the same demanding fashion. Moscow, Ivan Albright, 1967

Ivan Albright

伊万·阿尔布莱特（1897-1983）是美国艺术家、油画家和绘画家。他曾周游世界，非常注重微小的细节。他将自己在美国的工作室墙面涂成黑色，并总是穿着黑色衣服，以避免眩光。他以同样的时尚需求描绘了莫斯科。
Konstantin Makovsky was born and raised in Moscow to a family closely associated with art. At the beginning of his career, he was inclined towards romanticism in his paintings, although a few years later, he moved towards realism. Makovsky joined an artists' workshop and started to illustrate Muscovites' everyday life. / Moscow show booths, Konstantin Makovsky

Konstantin Makovsky

康斯坦丁·马科夫斯基生长在莫斯科的一个艺术家庭。在绘画生涯初期，他的作品风格倾向于浪漫主义，但短短几年后，便转向现实主义流派。马科夫斯基加入了一个艺术家工作室，并开始描绘莫斯科人的日常生活。
Apollinary Vasnetsov headed the commission to study Old Moscow and worked on archaeological excavations. He painted the All Saints' Bridge that connected the Zamoskvorechye district with the Kremlin; the bridge was considered to be one of the marvels of Moscow. It was built in 1693 and existed only until 1853. / The Kremlin's prime. All Saints' Bridge and Kremlin at the end of the 17th century. Apollinary Vasnetsov

Apollinary Vasnetsov

阿波林纳利·瓦斯涅佐夫曾主持古莫斯科研究课题，并从事考古发掘工作。他绘制了曾连接外莫斯科河区与克里姆林宫（原为莫斯科古城区）的全圣徒桥。这座桥曾被认为是莫斯科的奇迹之一。它建于1693年，但仅存在到1853年。
In 1909, Boris Kustodiev was discovered to have a spinal cord abscess. For the next 15 years, the artist was relegated to a wheelchair and painted laying down. This difficult period is when he painted his brightest, most temperamental, and cheerful works. / Palm Sunday near Spassky Gate on Red Square in Moscow, Boris Kustodiev, 1917

Boris Kustodiev

1909年，鲍里斯·库斯塔基耶夫被查出患有脊髓脓肿。在接下去的15年中，库斯塔基耶夫不得不与轮椅为伴，并只能躺着作画。然而，在这段艰难的时期里，他却创作了自己最为明朗、最饱含感情、最令人愉快的作品。
Aristarkh Lentulov met proponents of cubism while studying in Paris. This was reflected in his paintings: Moscow looks like a miraculous and blooming "architectural wonder" as a result of the buildings' dynamic portrayal. / Saint Basil's Cathedral, Aristarkh Lentulov, 1913

Aristarkh Lentulov

阿里斯塔赫·连图洛夫在巴黎留学时结识了立体派画家。这反映在其绘画之中：借助动态地描绘建筑，画家让莫斯科看上去像是不可思议而又充满活力的建筑奇迹。
Kazimir Malevich, the founder of suprematism and creator of the famous painting "The Black Square", moved to Moscow with his wife and kids after his mother did. The move, however, did not bring family bliss. His wife soon took the kids and left the city before the couple eventually divorced. Kazimir Malevich is known more by his descendants for being the creator of the Black and Red Squares, the Black Circle, and "The Charge of the Red Cavalry". Nevertheless, he also painted many lesser known, classical works. / View of Moscow Myasnitsky District, Kazemir Malevich, 1913

Kazemir Malevich

卡兹米尔·马列维奇是至上主义风格的奠基人，也是著名作品《黑方块》的创作者。在母亲去世后，马列维奇携妻小来到莫斯科。然而，这一迁居却没有给他带来家庭幸福。不久之后，他的妻子便带着孩子离开莫斯科，并最终和马列维奇离婚。马列维奇更为人熟知的作品是黑红方块、黑色圆圈和《红色骑兵》。实际上，他也创作了很多鲜为人知的古典派画作。
Konstantin Korovin was born in Moscow, grew up and studied there as well. He travelled around the world a lot, including to Russia's north. He also created many well-known works while abroad. But he always returned to his native city where he painted Moscow's sites and worked on the set decorations for performances at the Bolshoi Theater. This painting shows the view of the Kremlin from the Baltschug Hotel. Artists and photographers have loved this hotel for wonderful views from its window since Soviet times. Tourists still have the opportunity to see everything with their own eyes. / Moskvoretsky Bridge, Konstantin Korovin, 1914

Konstantin Korovin

康斯坦丁·克洛文出生于莫斯科，并在这里长大和上学。他曾到过俄罗斯北方，并经常去世界各地旅行。他在国外期间创作了很多著名画作，但总会回到出生地莫斯科，描绘当地风光，并为莫斯科大剧院绘制舞台装饰。这幅画展示的是从巴尔楚格旅馆看到的克里姆林宫。从苏联时代起，这家旅馆便因其窗外美不胜收的风景而深受画家和摄影师们的喜爱。游客们现在仍有机会亲眼领略这里的美景。
This painting is part of a series of works about Moscow that Yuriy Pimenov worked on starting in the mid-1930s. A woman at the wheel of a car was a rather rare sight in those days. This image was seen by the artist's contemporaries as a symbol of a new life, of a new Moscow. / New Moscow, Yuriy Pimenov, 1937

Yuriy Pimenov

尤里·皮缅诺夫从20世界30年代中期开始创作莫斯科系列组画，这幅图就是其中之一。在那个年代，很少能看见女性驾驶汽车，因而这幅画被皮缅诺夫同时代的艺术家们视为是新生活和新莫斯科的象征。
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2014年5月17日
标签: 莫斯科、 画家

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