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俄罗斯美女：亚娜•鲁德科夫斯卡娅——俄罗斯最时尚女商人 如梦似幻：领略贝加尔湖的冬日绝美景致

莫斯科1935：挪威摄影师记录被遗忘的旧时光

挪威摄影师兼记者埃里克·孙德沃尔曾在多家报社供职，他用手中的相机记录下1935年的苏联莫斯科。当时的莫斯科正处于社会剧烈变化时期，孙德沃尔捕捉到了新旧时代交替下的俄罗斯首都，带领读者一同回味那消失的旧时光。
来源： 《透视俄罗斯》
In this year, Oleg Tabakov, actor and the artistic director of the Chekhov Moscow Artistic Theater, was born in Russia this year.
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Trondheim Municipal Archive

正是这一年，莫斯科契诃夫艺术剧院的演员兼艺术总监奥列格•塔巴科夫在俄罗斯出生。
The Franco-Soviet and Czechoslovak-Soviet Treaties of Mutual Assistance, lasting for five years, were signed in 1935.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

1935年所签署的法国-苏联和捷克斯洛伐克-苏联互助条约持续了五年。
In 1935, the Soviet Union sold its part of the Chinese Far Eastern Railroad (in Manchuria) to Japan.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

1935年，苏联向日本出售了部分中国远东铁路（位于中国满洲里）。
A logical conclusion in the Iron Curtain's construction came in the form of a June 9, 1935, law by Joseph Stalin. According to the law, running across the border was deemed an offense punishable by death. The law stipulated that the runner's relatives would also be deemed criminals.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

935年6月9日斯大林推出新法，完成了对铁幕政治的思维总结。根据该法律，越境成为死罪，越境者的亲属也将被视为罪犯。
Gorky Park was opened in 1928. It is located at Krymsky Val and situated just across the Moskva River from Park Kultury Metro Station. The Park was planned by Konstantin Melnikov, a world-famous Soviet avant-garde and constructivist architect.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

1928年高尔基公园开业。它位于莫斯科河沿岸的克里木小路，坐落在文化公园地铁站对面，由世界著名的苏联前卫建构主义建筑师康斯坦丁•梅尔尼科夫设计。
The park hosted many mass events and exhibitions. In honor of the 40th anniversary of Alexei Maksimovich Gorky's community and literary work, the park earned its name in 1932. Ever since then, it has been named Gorky Park.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

高尔基文化公园举办了许多大型活动和展览。为庆祝阿列克谢•马克西莫维奇•高尔基的社会活动和文学作品40周年纪念日，公园从1932年起冠以作家之名，从此就被称作高尔基公园。
This photograph was made in the Gorky Park for Culture and Recreation (this is the name under which parks were opened in 10 cities of the Soviet Union).

Trondheim Municipal Archive

这张照片摄于高尔基文化休闲公园（苏联有十个城市拥有以该名字命名的公园）。
"Life has become better, life has become happier!" was a widespread version of the phrase first spoken by Joseph Stalin on November 17, 1935, in his address to the First All-Soviet Meeting of Workers.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

“生活变得更好，生活变得更幸福！”这句话最初是斯大林在1935年11月17日第一届苏维埃全体工人大会上的发言词，后成为流行语。
The Norwegian photographer Eirik Sundvor memorialized 1935 Soviet Moscow. Many of his photographs have been kept in the Trondheim Municipal Archive (Norway's third largest city, also known by its former name of Nidaros). These photographs show the Russian capital in a way that modern inhabitants have long forgotten: the city is composed of two-story wooden houses, horse-drawn carriages carry passengers just like cars do now, and Communist parades are held on Red Square...

Trondheim Municipal Archive

挪威摄影师埃里克•孙德沃尔记录了1935年的苏联莫斯科，许多照片都被收藏在特隆赫姆市档案馆（特隆赫姆是挪威第三大城市，旧称尼德罗斯）。这些照片展示了早已被现代市民所遗忘的俄罗斯首都旧景：城市里坐落着两层结构的木制房屋，马车像现在的汽车那样搭载乘客，共产党在红场举行游行……
It was only in 1935, by special instructions from the government, that the first ruby red stars-decorated in gold and gems from the Urals-were created. Prior to being installed, they were on view to all Soviet people at Gorky Park.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

直到1935年，政府发布特别声明，决定将其替换成由黄金和乌拉尔宝石打造的红宝石五角星。在安装之前，政府曾将红宝石星在高尔基公园展出，供全体苏联人民观赏。
When Russia still had an emperor, the Kremlin's towers were topped by two-headed eagles. After Bolsheviks came to power, Vladimir Lenin insisted on their dismantlement. However, this was not done at that time for various reasons.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

在俄国沙皇统治期间，克里姆林宫的塔楼由双头鹰冠装饰。布尔什维克掌权后，列宁要求将其拆除，但由于各种原因，这一提议当时并未实现。
On November 25, 1935, the first ruby red Kremlin star was installed on the Kremlin's Spasskaya Tower.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

1935年11月25日，第一颗克里姆林宫红宝石星安装在斯帕斯卡亚塔上。
A gathering on Red Square. In Soviet times, gatherings and demonstrations were held for many reasons. They mostly glorified the government and Communist Party. For example, the opening of the 1935 Moscow Metro was met with large crowds and thunderous applause.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

图为红场集会。苏联出于众多原因经常举行集会和游行，大多是用来赞美政府和共产党。例如，1935年莫斯科地铁开通之际，就有大批民众集会庆祝，并报以雷鸣般的掌声。
Sign on the wall "Politburo conversations and questions regarding the second Five-Year Plan (the USSR's five-year economic planning periods) happening here."

Trondheim Municipal Archive

远处建筑物顶部悬挂着标语“此处召开了政治局关于第二个五年计划（即苏联的五年计划经济）的研讨会”。
On May 15, 1935, the first line of the Moscow Metro opened-from Sokolniki station to Gorky Park (Park Kultury Station), running through the Kremlin and Red Square.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

1935年5月15日，莫斯科开通了第一条地铁。这条地铁从索科尔尼基站到高尔基公园站（文化公园站），途径克里姆林宫和红场。
While in London, he worked on the editing board of the Norsk Tidend newspaper, the official newspaper of the Norse government in exile. In 1957, he returned to Bergen where he worked as a correspondent for the Dagbladet newspaper.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

在伦敦期间，孙德沃尔曾在挪威流亡政府的官方报纸《挪威信讯》编委会工作。1957年，他回到卑尔根，成为《挪威日报》（Dagbladet）的记者。
Eirik Sundvor (1902 - 1992) was a journalist for the Norwegian newspaper "Nidaros" from 1924-1940 and 1945-1957. During World War II, he escaped to England with his wife.

Trondheim Municipal Archive

埃里克•孙德沃尔（1902-1992）在1924-1940年、1945-1957年间是挪威报纸《尼德罗斯》的一名记者。第二次世界大战期间，他和妻子逃到英国避难。
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2014年1月30日
标签: 莫斯科、 重返苏联、 历史

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