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2012年莫斯科国际车展 勒拿河石柱列入世界遗产名录

回顾200年历史 拿破仑军队重回波罗底诺

来源： 《透视俄罗斯》
The restoration works speak of bombardments much better than the torn uniforms: not one lot seems to have avoided the violence of time, including the remains of the Grande Armée.
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Sergey Kuksin

再现炮击之后的场景效果要好于只穿着破损的军装。似乎没有哪一样事物能逃得过时间的侵蚀，法军士兵的遗骸也是如此。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
People from many European countries and even from the USA and Canada have taken part in the reenactment event. One of the participants who arrived in Russia from Lorraine in the north-east of France says: "The names of ordinary soldiers are forgotten. We know only the great names of marshals and general. I believe that the reenactment must help us recollect all those who took part in the famous battle and render homage to all of them."

Ruslan Sukhushin

许多来自欧洲国家的人，甚至包括来自美国和加拿大的人员都参加战役重演活动。一位来自法国东北部洛林的表演者说：“普通士兵的名字已经被人遗忘了。我们只知道那些元帅和将领的名字。我相信，这次重演后活动一定会帮助我们回忆起那些曾经参加过这次著名战役的人。向所有人致敬！”摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
After the battle was over Napoleon said that the Battle of Borodino was the worst of his battles – the one where the French showed that they had deserved victory, and Russians - that they had the right to be regarded as invincible.

Ruslan Sukhushin

战役结束后，拿破仑曾说过，波罗底诺战役是自己曾经历过的最惨烈的战斗。法军取得了胜利，但俄罗斯也有权被视为不可战胜的。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
And still, formally, the French say that they were the winners in that war, a historian and a participant of the reenactment event, Andrei Bogdanov, says: "Russian commanders said that the French had won the Battle of Borodino. An order to retreat was received at night. Thus, after the battle the French troops occupied the battlefield. Therefore, the French are absolutely right when they say that they scored a victory in the Battle of Borodino."

Sergey Kuksin

然而，法国人却认为自己才是那场战争的胜利者。参加战役重演活动的历史学家安德烈·波格达诺夫说：“俄罗斯指挥官说法国赢得了波罗底诺战役的胜利。俄方部队在夜里接到撤退的命令。因此，战役结束后，法国军队占领了战场。所以，法国人认为自己赢得了波罗底诺战役胜利的说法完全正确”。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
And on the other, that event became the turning point of the war, when the might of the French army was undermined for the first time.

Ruslan Sukhushin

另一方面，该战役成为俄法战争的转折点，强大的法国军队第一次遭遇顽强抵抗。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
On the one hand, after the battle the Supreme Commander of the Russian Army Mikhail Kutuzov gave an order to retreat and to leave Moscow.

Ruslan Sukhushin

一方面，战役结束后，俄军最高统帅米哈伊尔·库图佐夫下令撤退，弃守莫斯科。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
Historians are still engaged in the debates about the significance of the Battle of Borodino.

Ruslan Sukhushin

时至今日，历史学家仍在争论波罗底诺战役的重要意义。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
In spite of the fact that the invading troops also had volunteers from all over Europe, from Belgium to Prussia, from Austria to Italy, preparation for the anniversary of the battle at Borodino has revealed just how fictitious the unity of the western nations led by Napoleon really was.

Sergey Kuksin

尽管入侵军队中有来自整个欧洲的志愿者，从比利时到普鲁士，从奥地利到意大利，但是波罗底诺战役纪念活动的准备工作证明，拿破仑为首的西方国家联盟是多么不真实。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
While the gold cupola of Bagration's tomb now shines again, exalting the marshal's heroic sacrifice that covered Kutuzov's tactical retreat, the collection of funds to preserve the memory of the Napoleonic divisions is turning out to be much more difficult.

Sergey Kuksin

巴格拉季翁墓的黄金圆顶再一次闪耀金光，诉说着这位元帅牺牲时的壮烈。在库图佐夫的战术性撤退中，他担负掩护任务。为保留拿破仑军队的遗迹而筹集资金相当困难。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
This year Russia celebrates the 200th anniversary of the 1812 Patriotic War and its victory over French army headed by Napoleon.

Ruslan Sukhushin

今年，俄罗斯举行活动庆祝1812年卫国战争胜利200周年。在这场战争中，俄罗斯军队战胜了拿破仑的军队。
From the Mozhaysk station, where most of the trains terminate, one almost doesn't notice being catapulted directly onto the front line; the road that links the town of Borodino with its small train station takes us past country houses immersed in surreal bucolic peace.

Sergey Kuksin

莫扎伊斯克车站是大部分火车的终点站，人们几乎没有察觉到就被直接送到了前线。在波罗底诺镇和小火车站之间有一条公路，路两旁的乡村别墅让我们沉浸在梦幻般的田园风光中。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
Descendants of the heroes who fought at the Battle of Borodino attended the event. Among them were the great-grandsons of both Napoleon and General Kutuzov, as well as former French president Valéry Giscard d'Estaing, whose forefathers participated in the Napoleonic Wars.

Sergey Kuksin

曾参加过波罗底诺战役的军人的后代也出席了此次活动，其中包括拿破仑和库图佐夫将军的曾孙，以及法国前总统瓦莱里•吉斯卡尔•德斯坦，他的祖先也曾随同拿破仑参加战役。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
With 3,000 men, 300 horses and almost 50 pieces of ordnance, this year's Borodino reenactment has already been labeled the most ambitious one ever put on.

Sergey Kuksin

此次演出共出动3000名演员、300匹马以及50件军事装备。这场演出极其完美得展现了当年波罗底诺战役的恢弘。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
The weather 200 years ago was very similar to this Sunday’s, so viewers got a rather clear picture of how it all happened in 1812. Some 100,000 spectators are reported to have come to watch the event.

Sergey Kuksin

200年前战役当天的天气情况与这个周日很像，所以观众能够比较清晰地感受200年前发生的一切。据报道，约有10万观众来到现场观看演出。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡
Despite the fact that the real battle began early in the morning – at roughly 5 am – the reenactment was scheduled to begin during the day, so that more people could see the show.

Sergey Kuksin

历史上，真实的战役开始于凌晨5点钟。不过为了让更多的观众欣赏到这场演出，表演时间定在白天。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
Napoleon called it a battle of giants. “The French have proved worthy of victory and the Russians earned the right not to be defeated,” the French Emperor said.

Sergey Kuksin

拿破仑将这场战争称为巨人之间的较量。这位法国皇帝称：“法军为常胜之师，而俄军也不愧为不败之军”。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
The real battle lasted 12 hours, and left over 45,000 Russian soldiers dead and around 30,000 dead on the French side.

Ruslan Sukhushin

那场真实的战役共持续12小时，俄军阵亡45000余人，而法军阵亡30000人。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
Two hours of clanking swords, firing canons, hundreds of horses, tons of armor and pure fun for spectators. The cavalry, infantry and artillery were all identical reproductions of what’s written in the chronicles about the most famous battle of Napoleon’s disastrous invasion of Russia.

Ruslan Sukhushin

长达两小时的时间里，刀来剑往，枪炮声轰鸣，几百匹战马纵横驰骋，无数士兵相互搏杀，场景恢宏壮观，为观众带来震撼的视觉感受。表演中使用的骑兵和步兵服装，以及火炮样式，均与那场拿破仑率军入侵俄罗斯的灾难性历史中描述的完全一致。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
Members of historical clubs, dressed as French soldiers and Russian soldiers take part in the reenactment of the 1812 battle between Napoleon's army and Russian troops in Borodino, some 120 km outside Moscow on September 2.

Ruslan Sukhushin

今年9月2日，在距离莫斯科120公里的波罗底诺镇附近，历史俱乐部的成员身着1812年俄法士兵服装，再现了那场规模宏大的战役。摄影：鲁斯兰·苏胡申
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2012年9月5日
标签: 莫斯科、 纪念、 历史、 法国、 文化、 战争

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